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InfoResearchPreprint

AIRRI: Towards a Human-Readable, Machine-Resistant Reading Interface

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Summary

The authors present AIRRI, a framework that makes educational assignment images machine-resistant through character and word spacing, opacity variation, stripe overlays and noise, plus decision-based adversarial attacks (RayS, SurFree, ADBA). Tested against Tesseract, EasyOCR and GOT-OCR2, it raised character error rates for EasyOCR from 6.9% to 55.9%, Tesseract from 2.3% to 100.0%, and GOT-OCR2 from 30.7% to 48.1%.