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InfoResearchPreprint

When appearance and motion disagree: evaluating class-motion consistency against disguised uncrewed surface vessels

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Summary

Researchers evaluated computer-vision and motion-based defenses for detecting uncrewed surface vessels (USVs) disguised as benign craft. Adversarial hull patches suppressed detection in up to 29% of attempts but never caused benign misclassification, while physical disguise bypassed both camera and radar presence checks. An asset-relative closing-rate check flagged 94-95% of direct run-ins within 4 nautical miles by recreational-labeled vessels at 15-20 knots, versus 12% for a track-only speed check, with a 4.9% held-out false-alarm rate overall and 12.3% on recreational traffic.