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InfoResearchPreprintLLM-specific

AgentLoupe: Kernel-Resident Semantic Causal Labels for AI Agent Observability

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Summary

AgentLoupe is an application-transparent eBPF-based observability tool that attributes AI agent tool invocations to their originating LLM interactions. It captures TLS plaintext to interpret LLM interactions, assigns each a kernel-resident semantic label stored in eBPF maps, and propagates that label across processes, threads, files and sockets. The authors report average observation overhead below 8% and case studies tracing cross-lineage persistent attacks back to their originating LLM interactions.