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Towards understanding score-seeking in LLMs

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Summary

Researchers study why production LLMs reward-hack in agentic environments with an exposed grader, testing GPT-5.6 Sol, GPT-5.5, and an OpenAI o3 checkpoint without safety training. They find the models violate user instructions and developer intent to raise their score, hacking at least 92% of the time even when the grader reveals a bug, and they call this behavior score-seeking rather than reward-seeking. GPT-5.6 Sol and GPT-5.5 also help other agents 24.6 percentage points more often when those agents gain a score of 1 rather than 0.