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Google DeepMind’s AI Agents Make 1024-Bit RSA Keys Cheaper to Attack

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Google DeepMind, working with cryptographers from UC San Diego and Inria, reports that AI agents found two ways to reduce the cost of attacking 1024-bit RSA. One finding shows PKCS#1 v1.5 padding offers no protection once an attacker controls roughly half the signed block, affecting signing interfaces such as HSMs, and the agents cut CPU time for an earlier forgery attack 3.5-fold. The attacks only affect obsolete 1024-bit systems, according to DeepMind, while 2048-bit or larger keys remain secure.