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JailBound: FOL-Guided Jailbreak Evaluation for Exploring LLM Behavioral Boundaries

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Summary

JailBound is a jailbreak evaluation framework that builds its benchmark automatically with a fine-tuned meta-attack generator and searches attacks with first-order loss (FOL)-guided dual-branch search. Tested on 46 LLMs from 13 model families, its High-Value Branch improves average ASR over a ZOL-only baseline by 5.1 and 4.9 percentage points across two settings. Its Safety-Sensitivity Branch shows higher behavioral flip rates than the High-Value Branch under local perturbations, indicating greater local sensitivity of judge-assigned safety labels.