AI & LLM Vulnerabilities

free-one-api, a tool that lets users access large language model reverse engineering libraries (code or techniques to understand how AI models work) through OpenAI's API format, uses MD5 (a password hashing algorithm, or mathematical function to scramble passwords) to protect user passwords in versions 1.0.1 and earlier. MD5 is cryptographically broken (mathematically compromised and no longer secure), making it vulnerable to collision attacks (where attackers can forge different inputs that produce the same hash) and easy to crack with modern computers, putting user credentials at risk.

Firecrawl, a web scraper that extracts webpage content for large language models, had a server-side request forgery vulnerability (SSRF, a flaw where an attacker tricks a server into making unwanted requests to internal networks) in versions before 1.1.1 that could expose local network resources. The cloud service was patched on December 27th, 2024, and the open-source version was patched on December 29th, 2024, with no user data exposed.

Lobe Chat, an open-source AI chat framework, has a vulnerability in versions before 1.19.13 that allows attackers to perform SSRF (server-side request forgery, where an attacker tricks a server into making unauthorized requests to other systems) without logging in. Attackers can exploit this to scan internal networks and steal sensitive information like API keys stored in authentication headers.

MLflow has a vulnerability (CVE-2024-27134) where directories have overly permissive access settings, allowing a local attacker to gain elevated permissions through a ToCToU attack (a race condition where an attacker exploits the gap between when a program checks permissions and when it uses a resource). This only affects code using the spark_udf() MLflow API.

LLama Factory, a tool for fine-tuning large language models (AI systems trained on specific tasks or data), has a critical vulnerability that lets attackers run arbitrary commands on the computer running it. The flaw comes from unsafe handling of user input, specifically using a Python function called `Popen` with `shell=True` (a setting that interprets input as system commands) without checking or cleaning the input first.

MarkUs (a web application for student assignment submission and grading) has a vulnerability in versions before 2.4.8 that allows authenticated instructors to write files anywhere on the web server, potentially leading to remote code execution (the ability to run commands on a system from a distance). This happens because the file upload methods don't properly restrict where files can be saved.

CVE-2024-52383 is a missing authorization vulnerability (a flaw where the software fails to check if a user has permission to perform an action) in the KCT Ai Auto Tool Content Writing Assistant plugin for WordPress, affecting versions up to 2.1.2. This vulnerability allows attackers to exploit incorrectly configured access control (permission settings) to gain unauthorized access.

CVE-2024-21799 is a path traversal vulnerability (a bug where an attacker can access files outside intended directories) in Intel Extension for Transformers software versions before 1.5 that allows authenticated users (those with login access) to escalate their privileges through local access. The vulnerability has a CVSS score (severity rating) of 6.9, rated as medium severity.