Why access decisions are becoming the weakest link in identity security

Organizations often focus on authentication (proving who someone is) through tools like MFA (multi-factor authentication, requiring multiple verification methods) and SSO (single sign-on, a centralized login system), but the real security weakness is authorization—deciding what people should actually access. Many companies only govern a small fraction of their applications and systems, leaving legacy systems, test environments, and shadow IT tools outside formal security controls, which attackers deliberately target.