HMM-MET: macro-state modeling for interval-level tracing of EM covert channels

Researchers introduced HMM-MET, a method that uses hidden Markov models (a statistical technique for analyzing sequences of hidden states) to detect covert channels (hidden communication methods that exploit unintended system features) by tracking electromagnetic (EM) emissions at the interval level. The work focuses on improving detection of these stealthy communication paths through more granular monitoring of EM signals from computer hardware.