{"data":{"id":"db1a72db-c755-41fb-a213-c485e067b646","title":"Dual-Locking Learned AI Models: A PIN-Based Sparse QIM Watermarking and Adaptive Index Permutation Approach","summary":"The authors propose a dual-locking method for trained neural networks, combining key-driven random index permutation with PIN-bound blind watermarking via sparse QIM in the bias coefficients. Without the correct key, accuracy drops below 10% on tested models, and 0.5% for CNNs, while the correct key restores full accuracy. Experiments on MNIST, CIFAR-10/100, and ImageNet-1K with fully connected networks, ResNet CNNs, and transformers show the watermark does not degrade performance and reliably authenticates ownership.","solution":"N/A -- no mitigation discussed in source.","labels":["security","research"],"sourceUrl":"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11269351","publishedAt":"2025-11-26T13:21:37.000Z","cveId":null,"cweIds":null,"cvssScore":null,"cvssSeverity":null,"severity":"info","attackType":[],"issueType":"research","affectedPackages":null,"affectedPackageNames":null,"affectedPackageRefs":null,"affectedVendors":[],"affectedVendorsRaw":[],"classifierModel":"claude-haiku-5-5","classifierPromptVersion":"v4","summaryPromptVersion":"v2","headline":null,"headlinePromptVersion":null,"cvssVector":null,"attackVector":null,"attackComplexity":null,"privilegesRequired":null,"userInteraction":null,"exploitMaturity":null,"epssScore":null,"epssCheckedAt":null,"kevDateAdded":null,"advisoryAliases":null,"affectedPackagesSource":null,"affectedPackagesCheckedAt":null,"patchAvailable":null,"disclosureDate":"2025-11-26T13:21:37.000Z","fixReleasedAt":null,"daysToFix":null,"fixCheckedAt":null,"capecIds":null,"crossRefCount":0,"attackSophistication":"moderate","impactType":["integrity"],"aiComponentTargeted":"model","llmSpecific":false,"classifierConfidence":0.85,"researchCategory":"peer_reviewed","atlasIds":null}}