{"data":{"id":"2552bc9d-e7a0-41be-8e30-6e5066b1be31","title":"Enhancing Adversarial Transferability With Cost-Efficient Landscape Flattening","summary":"The paper proposes the Cost-efficient LandscapE Flattening (CLEF) attack, which improves targeted adversarial transferability by optimizing perturbations at both local maxima and local minima of the input loss landscape. CLEF reuses gradients from the previous attack step to reach maxima and uses a probabilistic model, pre-trained on dozens of images from other domains, to sample perturbations that reach minima. Experiments report that this flattens the loss landscape of crafted adversarial examples and improves their transferability.","solution":"N/A -- no mitigation discussed in source.","labels":["security","research"],"sourceUrl":"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11395656","publishedAt":"2026-02-13T13:16:36.000Z","cveId":null,"cweIds":null,"cvssScore":null,"cvssSeverity":null,"severity":"info","attackType":["model_evasion"],"issueType":"research","affectedPackages":null,"affectedPackageNames":null,"affectedPackageRefs":null,"affectedVendors":[],"affectedVendorsRaw":[],"classifierModel":"claude-haiku-5-5","classifierPromptVersion":"v4","summaryPromptVersion":"v2","headline":null,"headlinePromptVersion":null,"cvssVector":null,"attackVector":null,"attackComplexity":null,"privilegesRequired":null,"userInteraction":null,"exploitMaturity":null,"epssScore":null,"epssCheckedAt":null,"kevDateAdded":null,"advisoryAliases":null,"affectedPackagesSource":null,"affectedPackagesCheckedAt":null,"patchAvailable":null,"disclosureDate":"2026-02-13T13:16:36.000Z","fixReleasedAt":null,"daysToFix":null,"fixCheckedAt":null,"capecIds":null,"crossRefCount":0,"attackSophistication":"advanced","impactType":["integrity"],"aiComponentTargeted":"model","llmSpecific":false,"classifierConfidence":0.95,"researchCategory":"peer_reviewed","atlasIds":null}}